Is Morality Dictated by Tradition?

For years the question has lingered in philosophy classes: is there a universal moral standard which all societies throughout history have abided by? Or, is morality relative to the culture’s traditions? Is morality merely dictated by habits humans have been indoctrinated with since infanthood? Or, are moral choices decided by a conscious decision through rationalizing?
The problem with accepting that morality is ruled by habit through traditions is that people have no power over their morality and are ultimately “pre- determined” to act in a certain way. Morality being instilled by habit implies that humans are conditioned to make ethical decisions, therefore, they can not be held responsible for their actions because they have no “free will.”
Now, a response may be that this is irrelevant because the habit will always be deemed “good” by that society since they have instilled the choices, therefore, the people will never be put in a position where they will be judged for their choices. But this conclusion is unrealistic. Throughout history cultures have punished people in their societies for immoral choices, and if these choices were only habits instilled by their societies, then they would never be judged for their decisions.